| Area |
Goal |
Standard |
Benchmark |
Benchmark Number |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain why similar results are expected when procedures are done the same way. |
13.A.1b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain how knowledge can be gained by careful observation. |
13.A.1c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Demonstrate ways to avoid injury when conducting science activities (e.g., wearing goggles, fire extinguisher use). |
13.A.2a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain why similar investigations may not produce similar results. |
13.A.2b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain why keeping accurate and detailed records is important. |
13.A.2c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Identify and reduce potential hazards in science activities (e.g., ventilation, handling chemicals). |
13.A.3a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Analyze historical and contemporary cases in which the work of science has been affected by both valid and biased scientific practices. |
13.A.3b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain what is similar and different about observational and experimental investigations. |
13.A.3c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Estimate and suggest ways to reduce the degree of risk involved in science activities. |
13.A.4a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Assess the validity of scientific data by analyzing the results, sample set, sample size, similar previous experimentation, possible misrepresentation of data presented and potential sources of error. |
13.A.4b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Describe how scientific knowledge, explanations and technological designs may change with new information over time (e.g., the understanding of DNA, the design of computers). |
13.A.4c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain how peer review helps to assure the accurate use of data and improves the scientific process. |
13.A.4d |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Design procedures and policies to eliminate or reduce risk in potentially hazardous science activities. |
13.A.5a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain criteria that scientists use to evaluate the validity of scientific claims and theories. |
13.A.5b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain the strengths, weaknesses and uses of research methodologies including observational studies, controlled laboratory experiments, computer modeling and statistical studies. |
13.A.5c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply the accepted practices of science. |
Explain, using a practical example (e.g., cold fusion), why experimental replication and peer review are essential to scientific claims. |
13.A.5d |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction between science, technology and society. |
Explain the uses of common scientific instruments (e.g., ruler, thermometer, balance, probe, computer). |
13.B.1a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction between science, technology and society. |
Explain how using measuring tools improves the accuracy of estimates. |
13.B.1b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction between science, technology and society. |
Describe contributions men and women have made to science and technology. |
13.B.1c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 13: Understand the relationships among science, technology and society in historical and contemporary contexts. |
Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction between science, technology and society. |
Identify and describe ways that science and technology affect people’s everyday lives (e.g., transportation, medicine, agriculture, sanitation, communication occupations). |
13.B.1d |
|
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