| Area |
Goal |
Standard |
Benchmark |
Benchmark Number |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change. |
Explain how genetic combinations produce visible effects and variations among physical features and cellular functions of organisms. |
12.A.4a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change. |
Describe the structures and organization of cells and tissues that underlie basic life functions including nutrition, respiration, cellular transport, biosynthesis and reproduction. |
12.A.4b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change. |
Describe processes by which organisms change over time using evidence from comparative anatomy and physiology, embryology, the fossil record, genetics and biochemistry. |
12.A.4c |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change. |
Explain changes within cells and organisms in response to stimuli and changing environmental conditions (e.g., homeostasis, dormancy). |
12.A.5a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change. |
Analyze the transmission of genetic traits, diseases and defects. |
12.A.5b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Describe and compare characteristics of living things in relationship to their environments. |
12.B.1a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Describe how living things depend on one another for survival. |
12.B.1b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Describe relationships among various organisms in their environments (e.g., predator/prey, parasite/host, food chains and food webs). |
12.B.2a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Identify physical features of plants and animals that help them live in different environments (e.g., specialized teeth for eating certain foods, thorns for protection, insulation for cold temperature). |
12.B.2b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Identify and classify biotic and abiotic factors in an environment that affect population density, habitat and placement of organisms in an energy pyramid. |
12.B.3a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Compare and assess features of organisms for their adaptive, competitive and survival potential (e.g., appendages, reproductive rates, camouflage, defensive structures). |
12.B.3b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Compare physical, ecological and behavioral factors that influence interactions and interdependence of organisms. |
12.B.4a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Simulate and analyze factors that influence the size and stability of populations within ecosystems (e.g., birth rate, death rate, predation, migration patterns). |
12.B.4b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Analyze and explain biodiversity issues and the causes and effects of extinction. |
12.B.5a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment. |
Compare and predict how life forms can adapt to changes in the environment by applying concepts of change and constancy (e.g., variations within a population increase the likelihood of survival under new conditions). |
12.B.5b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter and energy and the interactions between them. |
Identify and compare sources of energy (e.g., batteries, the sun). |
12.C.1a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter and energy and the interactions between them. |
Compare large-scale physical properties of matter (e.g., size, shape, color, texture, odor). |
12.C.1b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter and energy and the interactions between them. |
Describe and compare types of energy including light, heat, sound, electrical and mechanical. |
12.C.2a |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter and energy and the interactions between them. |
Describe and explain the properties of solids, liquids and gases. |
12.C.2b |
| SCIENCE |
Goal 12: Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences. |
Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter and energy and the interactions between them. |
Explain interactions of energy with matter including changes of state and conservation of mass and energy. |
12.C.3a |
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